GENERAL ENGLISH MORPHOLOGY

1.        What is Morphology?

Morphology is a branch of linguistic which deals with internal structure of words.

2.        How many branches of Morphology?

Morphology can be divided into two branches. They are Inflectional morphology and word-formation.

a.       Inflectional morphology deals with various forms of words.

b.      Word-formation deals with the formation of new words.

3.        What are the Morphological processes?

There are two morphological process, they are:

a.       Inflection

b.      derivation

4.        How many kinds of word formation?

It can be divided into two parts. They are:

a.       Derivation (class maintaining “Prefixation” and changing “suffixation)

b.      Compounding (separated, solid, hyphenated)

5.        What is Morpheme?

Morpheme is the minimal meaningful units. For examples: s, ly, un, dis, etc.

6.        What is root, stem.

The example given below is the explanation both of them:

Untouchables. (Touch is the root) (Untouchable is the stem)

7.        What is the difference between word and morpheme?

To make clear how to distinguish them, see the example given below:

Friendly

Friend is word

ly is morpheme

Can you distinguish them?????????????????

8.        What are the kinds of Morphemes?

There are two kinds of Morpheme.
    1. Free Morphemes
        a.     content words
                -  verbs         
                -  nouns        
                -  adjectives 
                -  adverbs     
        b.     function words
                -  conjuctions
                -  prepositions
                -  articles
                -  comparatives
                -  demonstratives
2. Bound Morphemes
        a.     inflectional morphemes
        b.     derivational morphemes    

                                                            (Adapted from Bauer in Ba’dulu: 2003:31)

9.        What are the kinds of words?

There are three kinds of words. They are

1.      Simple words

2.      Complex words

3.      Compound Words

10.    What is Conversion in Morphology?

Conversion is the change in form class of a form without any corresponding change of form (Bauer, 1989:32). For example: Mother, book, etc.

11.    Transparent and Opaque

Example:

a.       Blackmail

b.      Airmail

12.    Exercises

Analyze the following paragraph using morphological analysis!

Ali is going back to collage. Vacation is over. He’s waiting for a ride with his friend, Hasan. Hasan is late and Ali is tired of waiting. He sits on his suitcase, puts his face in hes hand, and waits patiently.

Reference:

Ba’dulu, Abdul Muis. 2003. Introduction to Linguistics. Makassar: UNM

Kridalaksana, Harimurti. 1993. Kamus Lingustik. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama

Bauer, Laurie. 1989. English Word-Forrmation. New York: Cambridge University Press